You are viewing the site in preview mode

Skip to main content

Table 2 Baseline characteristics and outcomes of the derivation cohort and validation cohort

From: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a predictor of survival in cirrhotic patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective study

Parameters Derivation cohort (n = 629) Validation cohort (n = 314) P value
Age, years 55 (14) 53 (14) 0.37
Male sex 484 (76.9%) 243 (77.3%) 0.88
BMI 24.16 (3.92) 23.88 (3.78) 0.30
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 115 (22) 112 (25) 0.31
Cirrhosis etiology
 Hepatitis B virus n (%) 629 (100%) 314 (100%) 1.00
Variceal bleeding, n (%) 369 (58.7%) 167 (53.2%) 0.11
Heart rate 78 (21) 80 (22) 0.81
Hemoglobin, g/L 97 (46) 99 (49.25) 0.72
Total leukocyte count, × 109/L 3.71 (1.8) 3.9 (2.85) 0.61
Platelets, × 109/L 66 (52) 73 (56) 0.27
Alanine aminotransferase, IU/L 27 (26) 27 (27.25) 0.83
Creatinine, μmol/L 78 (26.25) 76 (23) 0.06
Sodium, mmol/L 139.8 (5.5) 139.6 (4.93) 0.64
Bilirubin, mmol/L 24 (28.72) 23.6 (26.6) 0.71
Albumin, g/L 31.1 (8.45) 31.5 (9.53) 0.97
Triglyceride 0.73 (0.46) 0.79 (0.51) 0.09
Cholesterol, mmol/L 3.01 (1.31) 3.1 (1.33) 0.32
High density lipoprotein, mmol/L 0.83 (0.49) 0.84 (0.49) 0.58
Low-density lipoprotein, mmol/L 1.63 (0.97) 1.64 (1.05) 0.59
International normalized ratio 1.22 (0.3) 1.23 (0.33) 0.77
Fibrinogen, g/L 1.76 (0.85) 1.78 (0.88) 0.45
Hepatocellular carcinoma 137 (21.7%) 76 (24.2%) 0.40
Previous bleeding, n (%) 203 (32.2%) 119 (35.9%) 0.09
Ascites, n (%) 367 (58.3%) 183 (58.2%) 0.98
Hepatic Encephalopathy, n (%) 56 (8.9%) 22 (7.0%) 0.32
β-blocker use, n (%) 133 (21.1%) 73 (23.2%) 0.46
QTc, ms 435 (33) 433.5 (37) 0.57
QTc prolongation, n (%) 148 (23.5%) 81 (25.7%) 0.44
PRBC transfusion (%) 170 (27%) 105 (27.8%) 0.04
 > 2 PRBC transfusion (%) 57 (33.5%) 43 (41.0%) 0.03
Endoscopic treatment, n (%) 260 (41.3%) 153 (40.5%) 0.03
TIPS treatment, n (%) 23 (3.6%) 11 (2.9%) 0.91
6-Week death, n (%) 66 (10.4%) 34 (10.8%) 0.75
Prognostic scores
Child–Pugh score 8 (4) 8 (4) 0.86
 Child–Pugh A 202 (32.1%) 93 (29.6%)  
 Child–Pugh B 264 (42%) 141 (44.9%)  
 Child–Pugh C 163 (25.9%) 80 (25.5%)  
MELD 10.98 (7.76) 10.8 (7.02) 0.19
ALBI −1.72 (0.96) −1.71 (0.99) 0.89
D’Amico model −1.32 (1.39) −1.27 (1.4) 0.75
Augustin model −2.95 (2.29) −2.95 (2.22) 0.97
Glasgow-Blatchford score 9 (7) 9 (8) 0.74
AIMS65 1 (1) 1 (1) 0.88
  1. PBRC packed red blood cells transfused; All values are expressed as median (IQR), or n (%)